Next ==
IF Sub THEN
a' = ~a
ELSE
/\ UNCHANGED a
/\ x' = x + 2
But this fails with the same error, and this time I believe (I hope) that the specification is complete. The reason here is that IF translates to an _expression_ containing a negation of Sub (this behavior occurs whenever a primed "assignment" is negated, like in =>), and when encountered with ~Sub, TLC can't determine the value of x' in its first occurrence, and fails with the error described in the book.
Thanks!
Ron